The research is already there. The lack of a hard currency (namely the $), combined with the legal requirement that fuel has to be subsidized when importers are waiting for dues from the government.

If the government is unable to subsidize fuel, then it should come out clean and remove the subsidies altogether, that way fuel will be available again, even if at a higher price.

Then, it’s the demand for fuel that has to be curbed. For a small nation, the demand for fuel is enormous in Lebanon due to lack of public transportation and safe bike lanes.